There are very few cities in the UK that offer as rich a mix of culture, history and architecture as the Scottish capital, Edinburgh. Spread over 7 hills, the city is characterized by this dark stone (local sandstone) used for the construction of most buildings in the city center. The central point of'Auld Reekie' (the nickname of Edinburgh) is of course Edinburgh Castle which sits atop a particularly steep hill in the city centre. It was once the residence of Scottish royalty and most of the surrounding streets (listed as UNESCO World Heritage) have preserved traces of such a presence. The most emblematic street is the'Royal Mile', an elegant street that connects the castle to the parliament building. But Edinburgh is not just a city that relies on its history, because every August it also hosts the world's largest art festival, the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. You can see young talents from the world of music, opera and writing. Many concert halls and theatres also have a busy programme throughout the year, allowing residents to keep up with the cultural scene. If you're going to Edinburgh soon, you'll be spoilt for choice in terms of cultural activities, here's a list of the main attractions to help you plan your stay. There is general agreement that if there was only one thing to see in Edinburgh, it would be the castle. This ancient fortress, vast and dramatic, arouses the imagination and remains the most popular attraction of all tourists. As you explore the castle, you will make a real leap into Scottish history and you will also learn a couple of things about the difficult times the country has been through. Several themes are covered, including the social and military history of the country. Located right next to the castle, the Camera Obscura offers a completely different experience from nearby attractions. It has attracted visitors for over 150 years, making it the oldest attraction in the city, and has simple optical illusions, as well as more sophisticated activities. With five floors full of optical illusions, you can be sure you'll be amazed. At the top of the building you can see the city in 3D with'Edinburgh Vision', old CCTV cameras and a system of mirrors used to spy on people. This extinct volcano offers a 360° view over Edinburgh and the whole region. It is within walking distance of downtown, the main road leaves Parliament just below the Royal Mile. Once there, take a tour of Holyrood Park and be sure to visit St Anthony's Chapel, Scotland's recently renovated, free national museum dedicated to Scottish antiquities, history, people and culture. It is an activity adapted to the whole family. Temporary exhibitions are not free but provide the museum with a constant dynamic. The main hall, bathed in light thanks to its glass roof, has objects on display on a 20 metre high wall. This is called the'Window on the World' because it gives an overview of the different sections of the museum. The Royal Mile is the main artery of the old town. It houses some of the city's most upscale restaurants and shops. The original medieval street plan has been preserved and many period buildings are still standing. The Royal Festival Theatre and the University of Edinburgh are located there. As you explore the small streets (called'wynds') that leave from the Royal Mile, you will discover many hidden treasures, cosy cafés, theatres and other small shops. You can also taste delicious local beers and Scottish culinary specialities.